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Photothermal materials for efficient solar powered steam generation

Fenghua Liu, Yijian Lai, Binyuan Zhao, Robert Bradley, Weiping Wu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 636-653 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1824-1

摘要： Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field of energy harvest and sustainable technologies. The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency. Moreover, the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront. Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices, a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results. This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery, material selection, structural design and mass/heat management, as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy. It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments. This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials, towards efficient, low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.

关键词： solar stream generation     plasmonics     porous carbon     photothermal materials     solar energy conversion efficiency     water vapor generation rate    

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Performance of a bi-layer solar steam generation system working at a high-temperature of top surface

Jinxin ZHONG, Congliang HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 141-148 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0725-4

摘要： Many efforts have been focused on enhancing the vapor generation in bi-layer solar steam generation systems for obtaining as much pure water as possible. However, the methods to enhance the vapor temperature is seldom studied although the high-temperature vapor has a wide use in medical sterilization and electricity generation. In this work, to probe the high-temperature vapor system, an improved macroscopic heat and mass transfer model was proposed. Then, using the finite element method to solve the model, the influences of some main factors on the evaporation efficiency and vapor temperature were discussed, including effects of the vapor transport conditions and the heat dissipation conditions. The results show that the high-temperature vapor could not be obtained by enhancing the heat-insulating property of the bi-layer systems but by applying the optimal porosity and proper absorbers. This paper is expected to provide some information for designing a bi-layered system to produce high-temperature vapor.

关键词： solar steam generation     solar energy     numerical method     porous material    

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Impacts of solar multiple on the performance of direct steam generation solar power tower plant with

Yan LUO, Xiaoze DU, Lijun YANG, Chao XU, Muhammad AMJAD

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 461-471 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0503-5

摘要： Solar multiple (SM) and thermal storage capacity are two key design parameters for revealing the performance of direct steam generation (DSG) solar power tower plant. In the case of settled land area, SM and thermal storage capacity can be optimized to obtain the minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by adjusting the power generation output. Taking the dual-receiver DSG solar power tower plant with a given size of solar field equivalent electricity of 100 MW in Sevilla as a reference case, the minimum LCOE is 21.77 ￠/kWh with an SM of 1.7 and a thermal storage capacity of 3 h. Besides Sevilla, two other sites are also introduced to discuss the influence of annual DNI. When compared with the case of Sevilla, the minimum LCOE and optimal SM of the San Jose site change just slightly, while the minimum LCOE of the Bishop site decreases by 32.8% and the optimal SM is reduced to 1.3. The influence of the size of solar field equivalent electricity is studied as well. The minimum LCOE decreases with the size of solar field, while the optimal SM and thermal storage capacity still remain unchanged. In addition, the sensitivity of different investment in sub-system is investigated. In terms of optimal SM and thermal storage capacity, they can decrease with the cost of thermal storage system but increase with the cost of power generation unit.

关键词： direct steam generation     solar power tower     solar multiple     thermal energy storage capacity     levelized cost of electricity (LCOE)    

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Liquid-based high-temperature receiver technologies for next-generation concentrating solar power: A

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 16-42 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0866-8

摘要： To reduce the levelized cost of energy for concentrating solar power (CSP), the outlet temperature of the solar receiver needs to be higher than 700 °C in the next-generation CSP. Because of extensive engineering application experience, the liquid-based receiver is an attractive receiver technology for the next-generation CSP. This review is focused on four of the most promising liquid-based receivers, including chloride salts, sodium, lead-bismuth, and tin receivers. The challenges of these receivers and corresponding solutions are comprehensively reviewed and classified. It is concluded that combining salt purification and anti-corrosion receiver materials is promising to tackle the corrosion problems of chloride salts at high temperatures. In addition, reducing energy losses of the receiver from sources and during propagation is the most effective way to improve the receiver efficiency. Moreover, resolving the sodium fire risk and material compatibility issues could promote the potential application of liquid-metal receivers. Furthermore, using multiple heat transfer fluids in one system is also a promising way for the next-generation CSP. For example, the liquid sodium is used as the heat transfer fluid while the molten chloride salt is used as the storage medium. In the end, suggestions for future studies are proposed to bridge the research gaps for > 700 °C liquid-based receivers.

关键词： next-generation concentrating solar power     liquid-based solar receiver     molten salt     liquid metals    

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Emerging technologies to power next generation mobile electronic devices using solar energy

Dewei JIA , Yubo DUAN , Jing LIU ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 262-288 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0015-z

摘要： Mobile electronic devices such as MP3, mobile phones, and wearable or implanted medical devices have already or will soon become a necessity in peoples’ lives. However, the further development of these devices is restricted not only by the inconvenient charging process of the power module, but also by the soaring prices of fossil fuel and its downstream chain of electricity manipulation. In view of the huge amount of solar energy fueling the world biochemically and thermally, a carry-on electricity harvester embedded in portable devices is emerging as a most noteworthy research area and engineering practice for a cost efficient solution. Such a parasitic problem is intrinsic in the next generation portable devices. This paper is dedicated to presenting an overview of the photovoltaic strategy in the chain as a reference for researchers and practitioners committed to solving the problem.

关键词： photovoltaic conversion     energy harvesting     solar cell     maximum power point track algorithm     PV electricity storage     mobile/standalone PV application    

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Efficient use of waste heat and solar energy: Technologies of cooling, heating, power generation and

Ya-Ling HE, Ruzhu WANG, Anthony Paul ROSKILLY, Peiwen LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 411-413 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0525-z

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Anensemble method for data stream classification in the presence of concept drift

Omid ABBASZADEH,Ali AMIRI,Ali Reza KHANTEYMOORI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1059-1068 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400398

摘要： One recent area of interest in computer science is data stream management and processing. By ‘data stream’, we refer to continuous and rapidly generated packages of data. Specific features of data streams are immense volume, high production rate, limited data processing time, and data concept drift; these features differentiate the data stream from standard types of data. An issue for the data stream is classification of input data. A novel ensemble classifier is proposed in this paper. The classifier uses base classifiers of two weighting functions under different data input conditions. In addition, a new method is used to determine drift, which emphasizes the precision of the algorithm. Another characteristic of the proposed method is removal of different numbers of the base classifiers based on their quality. Implementation of a weighting mechanism to the base classifiers at the decision-making stage is another advantage of the algorithm. This facilitates adaptability when drifts take place, which leads to classifiers with higher efficiency. Furthermore, the proposed method is tested on a set of standard data and the results confirm higher accuracy compared to available ensemble classifiers and single classifiers. In addition, in some cases the proposed classifier is faster and needs less storage space.

关键词： Data stream     Classificaion     Ensemble classifiers     Concept drift    

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Effects of riparian land use on water quality and fish communities in the headwater stream of the Taizi

Sen DING, Yuan ZHANG, Bin LIU, Weijing KONG, Wei MENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第5期   页码 699-708 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0528-x

摘要： Riparian land use remains one of the most significant impacts on stream ecosystems. This study focuses on the relationship between stream ecosystems and riparian land use in headwater regions. Four riparian land types including forest, grassland, farmland, and residential land were examined to reveal the correlation between stream water and fish communities in headwater streams of the Taizi River in north-eastern China. Four land types along riparian of 3 km in length were evaluated at 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 m widths, respectively. Generally, the results found a significant relationship between riparian land uses and stream water quality. Grassland was positively correlated with water quality parameters (conductivity and total dissolved solids) at scales from 100 to 500 m riparian width. Farmland and residential land was negatively correlated with water quality parameters at scales from 25 to 500 m and from 50 to 200 m riparian widths, respectively. Although the riparian forest is important for maintaining habitat diversity and fish communities, the results found that only fish communities were significantly correlated with the proportion of riparian farmland. Farmland had a positive correlation with individual fish abundance within a riparian corridor of 25 to 50 m, but a negative correlation with fish diversity metrics from 25 to 100 m. This study indicates that effective riparian management can improve water quality and fish communities in headwater streams.

关键词： fish     water quality     land use     riparian buffer     headwater stream    

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1051-1064 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2248-x

摘要： This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon foam. In this work, we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon foam. Thermal pretreatment parameters (heating rate, temperature, and residence time) were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was proposed. During the thermal pretreatment, relatively low temperatures, low heating rates, and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon foam. The overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment conditions. The densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm−3. The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths (> 10 MPa) were KLPC280-2-5, KLPC300-0-5, and KLPC300-2-2.5. KLPC280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value (182 mg∙g−1). KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A∙g−1. The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m−2∙h−1 under 100 and 150 mW∙cm−2 irradiation, respectively. The good performances are attributed to the robust, porous, and continuous structure.

关键词： lignin     carbon foam     thermal pretreatment     solar vapor generation    

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Technological development of multi-energy complementary system based on solar PVs and MGT

Xiaojing LV, Yu WENG, Xiaoyi DING, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 509-517 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0598-3

摘要：

The complementary micro-energy network system consisting of solar photovoltaic power generation (solar PVs) and micro-gas turbine (MGT), which not only improves the absorption rate and reliability of photovoltaic power, but also has the advantages of low emission, high efficiency, and good fuel adaptability, has become one of the most promising distributed power systems in the field of micro grid. According to the development of current technology and the demand of actual work, this research described the domestic and foreign development of micro-energy network system based on solar PVs and MGT. Moreover, it analyzed the challenges and future development regarding the micro-energy network system in planning and design, energy utilization optimization and dispatching management, and system maintenance, respectively. Furthermore, it predicted the future development of the key technology of the multi-energy complementary system. These results will be beneficial for the progress of this field both in theory and practice.

关键词： renewable energy     solar photovoltaic power generation     micro gas turbine     multi-energy complementary system     micro-energy network    

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Residence time distribution and modeling of the liquid phase in an impinging stream reactor

Xingjun WANG, Xianhui HU, Lishun HU, Guangsuo YU, Fuchen WANG,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 353-359 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0262-x

摘要： Based on some experimental investigations of liquid phase residence time distribution (RTD) in an impinging stream reactor, a two-dimensional plug-flow dispersion model for predicting the liquid phase RTD in the reactor was proposed. The calculation results of the model can be in good agreement with the experimental RTD under different operating conditions. The axial liquid dispersion coefficient increases monotonously with the increasing liquid flux, but is almost independent of gas flux. As the liquid flux and the gas flux increase, the liquid dispersion coefficient of center-to-wall decreases. The axial liquid dispersion coefficient is much larger than that of center-to-wall, which indicates that the liquid RTD is dominated mainly by axial liquid dispersion in the impinging stream reactor.

关键词： RTD     liquid dispersion     reactor     liquid     independent    

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Chaotic behavior of LNG after stratification in main stream region of storage tank

WANG Jingjing, MA Xiaoqian

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 514-518 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0076-4

摘要： A study of the chaotic behavior of liquefied natural gas (LNG) after stratification in the main stream region of a storage tank was conducted. Based on non-linear dynamics, a 2-dimensional Rayleigh-Benard convection model was developed to simulate the convection, Lorenz equations of LNG convection were deduced from conservation equations, and the Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the equations. The results showed that when = 1.33, 106 < < 1470, chaos was obtained, which meant that the velocity field and the temperature field were highly unsteady. In addition, the influence of temperature and scale factor on the solutions and the corresponding range of parameters were studied. The results revealed that the chaos in LNG convection resulted from the interaction of buoyancy and viscid forces. A small quantity of heat impacting the storage tank would lead to a strong and unstable convection of LNG in the main stream region.

关键词： Runge-Kutta     non-linear     corresponding     temperature     addition    

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Effects of BTA2 as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of

Leijing Liu, Hao Zhang, Bo Xiao, Yang Liu, Bin Xu, Chen Wang, Shanpeng Wen, Erjun Zhou, Gang Chen, Chan Im, Wenjing Tian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 127-137 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1936-7

摘要： Effects of a benzotriazole (BTA)-based small molecule, BTA2, as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7):[6,6]-phenyl-C -butyric acid methyl ester (PC BM) organic solar cells (OSCs) were investigated by optical simulation of a transfer matrix model (TMM), photo-induced charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (photo-CELIV) technique, atomic force microscope (AFM), and the Onsager–Braun model analysis. BTA2 is an A A D A A -type non-fullerene small molecule with thiazolidine-2,4-dione, BTA, and indacenodithiophene as the terminal acceptor (A ), bridge acceptor (A ), and central donor (D), respectively. The short-circuit current density of the OSCs with BTA2 can be enhanced significantly owing to a complementary absorption spectrum. The optical simulation of TMM shows that the ternary OSCs exhibit higher internal absorption than the traditional binary OSCs without BTA2, resulting in more photogenerated excitons in the ternary OSCs. The photo-CELIV investigation indicates that the ternary OSCs suffer higher charge trap-limited bimolecular recombination than the binary OSCs. AFM images show that BTA2 aggravates the phase separation between the donor and the acceptor, which is disadvantageous to charge carrier transport. The Onsager-Braun model analysis confirms that despite the charge collection efficiency of the ternary OSCs being lower than that of the binary OSCs, the optimized photon absorption and exciton generation processes of the ternary OSCs achieve an increase in photogenerated current and thus improve power conversion efficiency.

关键词： third component     organic solar cells     charge carrier generation     charge carrier recombination     bimolecular recombination    

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下一代太阳能光热电站中熔融氯盐技术研发进展 Review

丁文进, Thomas Bauer

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第3期   页码 334-347 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.027

摘要：

结合热能储存（TES，以下简称储热）的太阳能光热发电（concentrated solar power, CSP）技术是未来可再生能源系统中最具应用前景的发电技术之一

关键词： 太阳能     太阳能光热发电（CSP）     热能储存（TES）     导热流体（HTF）     超临界二氧化碳动力循环     腐蚀控制    

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川江载货汽车滚装运输贡献的评估与发展政策

许茂增,吴旻

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第2期   页码 31-34

摘要：

介绍了川江地区的运输环境，阐述了滚装运输产生的行业背景、发展历程和现 状；提出以经济、社会、运输、节能、废气排放的指标，评价川江载货汽车滚装运输对区域经济 社会发展的贡献，建立了运费节约和能源节约指标的计算模型，并以2005年的统计数据和专 项调查数据为基础进行了实际评价。结果表明，川江载货汽车滚装运输兼具降低社会运输成 本、节能、环保与生态价值，有助于长江流域经济社会的可持续发展；分析了滚装运输发展 的机遇及面临的挑战，提出了促进滚装运输发展的政策和措施。

关键词： 川江     滚装运输     评价指标     计算模型     发展政策    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Photothermal materials for efficient solar powered steam generation

Fenghua Liu, Yijian Lai, Binyuan Zhao, Robert Bradley, Weiping Wu

期刊论文

Performance of a bi-layer solar steam generation system working at a high-temperature of top surface

Jinxin ZHONG, Congliang HUANG

期刊论文

Impacts of solar multiple on the performance of direct steam generation solar power tower plant with

Yan LUO, Xiaoze DU, Lijun YANG, Chao XU, Muhammad AMJAD

期刊论文

Liquid-based high-temperature receiver technologies for next-generation concentrating solar power: A

期刊论文

Emerging technologies to power next generation mobile electronic devices using solar energy

Dewei JIA , Yubo DUAN , Jing LIU ,

期刊论文

Efficient use of waste heat and solar energy: Technologies of cooling, heating, power generation and

Ya-Ling HE, Ruzhu WANG, Anthony Paul ROSKILLY, Peiwen LI

期刊论文

Anensemble method for data stream classification in the presence of concept drift

Omid ABBASZADEH,Ali AMIRI,Ali Reza KHANTEYMOORI

期刊论文

Effects of riparian land use on water quality and fish communities in the headwater stream of the Taizi

Sen DING, Yuan ZHANG, Bin LIU, Weijing KONG, Wei MENG

期刊论文

Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

期刊论文

Technological development of multi-energy complementary system based on solar PVs and MGT

Xiaojing LV, Yu WENG, Xiaoyi DING, Shilie WENG, Yiwu WENG

期刊论文

Residence time distribution and modeling of the liquid phase in an impinging stream reactor

Xingjun WANG, Xianhui HU, Lishun HU, Guangsuo YU, Fuchen WANG,

期刊论文

Chaotic behavior of LNG after stratification in main stream region of storage tank

WANG Jingjing, MA Xiaoqian

期刊论文

Effects of BTA2 as the third component on the charge carrier generation and recombination behavior of

Leijing Liu, Hao Zhang, Bo Xiao, Yang Liu, Bin Xu, Chen Wang, Shanpeng Wen, Erjun Zhou, Gang Chen, Chan Im, Wenjing Tian

期刊论文

下一代太阳能光热电站中熔融氯盐技术研发进展

丁文进, Thomas Bauer

期刊论文

川江载货汽车滚装运输贡献的评估与发展政策

许茂增,吴旻

期刊论文